Car safety has improved significantly in recent years with the creation of new features to prevent accidents and reduce the risk of injury and death. 

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So, read on the top 10 safety innovations.

Seat belt

The seat belt first appeared as standard in a production car in 1958, on a Saab. Since then, it has become an important part of passive safety and has saved thousands of lives. All vehicles and the driver are required to wear seat belts by law in Australia. The belt works by simply "catching" the occupants and holding them in place during the collision. 

Air-bag

Just like the seat belt, the airbag has been one of the biggest steps in increasing passive safety. It was first introduced in a production vehicle as an alternative to belt use in the early 1970s. It wasn't until 1987 that driver and passenger airbags became standard, first on the Porsche 944. Although it took a while for the technology to catch on and work well with the use of seat belts, airbags are now an important part of car safety. Almost all production cars in Australia come with at least one airbag. With most modern cars, there are up to six airbags in the car.

Anti-lock braking system (ABS)

Anti-lock Braking System is a technology that prevents the wheels from locking during heavy braking. The problem is with a flat tire or tire that has no steering. A fixed wheel is non-rotating which means it cannot roll at a directional point. ABS uses sensors to release a locked wheel (one at a time if necessary) and return brake pressure, often within milliseconds. This results in longer suspension under hard braking while keeping the front wheels on track so the driver can steer the car wherever he wants around obstacles and so on.

Electronic stability control (ESC) and brake control

Stability and control are a big step forward in car safety. An electric Stability control can improve vehicle stability by reducing skidding due to loss of grip. It works by compressing the tires on different wheels, helping to counter over and understeer.

Emergency Backup (AEB)

Automatic braking technology is a new standard. It works by using radar sensors and/or cameras to monitor objects in front of the vehicle when slowing down, depending on the manufacturer. Basically, the car can brake automatically if it detects something. It often sends a warning to inform the driver, then if nothing is done the cars are used to try to reduce the severity of the collision or to avoid it altogether. Many cars come with this feature as standard, including some entry-level models and many premium cars. These systems are in their infancy and should not be relied upon while driving.

Radar-Guided Cruise Control

It works in the same way and is often combined with auto-braking technology, radar cruise control, when activated, takes control of the car's accelerator and brakes keeps it on the highway. When the car approaches another car travelling in the same direction, the throttle is pulled back and the brakes are applied to maintain a predetermined distance (which is usually changed by the driver). 

ISOFIX child seat anchorage

Child anchorages points rates have improved over the past decade. But there is no change like the ISOFIX system. It was made legal in Australia in 2014, although it has been common in Europe for years. It works by clamping the child seat securely in the car and holding the seat firmly in place. Before that, child seats were secured with regular seat belts and lap belts that were not fully secured in the event of an accident. The high chair is easily movable. ISOFIX prevents this by using contact points between the seat and the vehicle.

Head up Display

Not many cars come standard with a head-up display right now, but it could be a common safety standard in the coming years. It works by using the reflection in the windshield to reduce the speed of the vehicle in front of the driver's line of sight. This means that the driver should not take his eyes off the road. And to think, you can see right through it if need be. Most systems offer a set of settings so that drivers of all skill levels can use the systems, and most can switch off  if the driver so desires.

Rear-view Camera

It won't be long before all cars have a reversing camera. They save many lives every year. It's a great feature for parents with small children or pets. You can look at the back of the car while reversing. It is also good for driving in tight spaces. These days, some cars come with "surround cameras" that use four cameras around the car to provide a top-down view of the car, allowing the driver to be aware of everything around the car before moving.

Electronic Brake-Force Distribution (EBD)

When you hit the tires of an old car, there is a huge chance that one of the wheels will lock. There are times when the car loses stability, the car can be sent sideways. Power distribution uses computers and sensors to ensure that each wheel receives the correct brake pressure based on the amount of tire grip. If one of the rear tires is under-inflated due to the rear of the car lifting slightly under braking, the computer will send pressure back to the front tires. This technology is quickly becoming standard equipment on many modern vehicles.

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